Cooking Ratios & Temperature Conversion Chart

All these templates can be found in adaptable-recipes page at Flavoreer.

Essential Cooking Ratios

These fundamental ratios help you confidently create dishes without following strict recipes. Measurements are by weight unless otherwise noted.

Grain & Pasta Ratios

Dish Ratio Notes
White Rice 1:1.5 1 part rice to 1.5 parts water
Brown Rice 1:2 1 part rice to 2 parts water
Quinoa 1:2 1 part quinoa to 2 parts water
Polenta 1:4 1 part cornmeal to 4 parts liquid
Risotto 1:3 1 part arborio rice to 3 parts stock
Couscous 1:1 1 part couscous to 1 part boiling water
Pasta 1:6 1 part pasta to 6 parts water for cooking

Baking Ratios

Baked Good Ratio Notes
Basic Bread 5:3 5 parts flour to 3 parts water
Pie Dough 3:2:1 3 parts flour, 2 parts fat, 1 part water
Basic Cookies 3:2:1 3 parts flour, 2 parts fat, 1 part sugar
Pound Cake 1:1:1:1 Equal parts flour, butter, sugar, eggs
Quick Bread 2:2:1:1 2 parts flour, 2 parts liquid, 1 part egg, 1 part fat
Muffins 2:2:1:1 Same as quick bread
Pancakes 2:2:1:½ 2 parts flour, 2 parts liquid, 1 part egg, ½ part fat

Sauce & Dressing Ratios

Sauce Ratio Notes
Vinaigrette 3:1 3 parts oil to 1 part acid (vinegar/lemon)
Roux 1:1 Equal parts flour and fat
Béchamel 1:1:10 1 part flour, 1 part butter, 10 parts milk
Brine 16:1 16 parts water to 1 part salt
Pesto 2:2:½:½:¼ 2 parts basil, 2 parts olive oil, ½ part nuts, ½ part cheese, ¼ part garlic
Mornay Sauce 10:1:1:1 10 parts béchamel, 1 part grated cheese

Protein Ratios

Dish Ratio Notes
Meatballs/Meatloaf 3:1:1 3 parts meat, 1 part breadcrumbs, 1 part liquid (eggs, milk)
Sausage 3:1 3 parts meat to 1 part fat
Cured Meat 20:1:0.25 20 parts meat, 1 part salt, 0.25 parts curing salt
Custard 2:1 2 parts dairy to 1 part eggs
Quiche 2:1:1 2 parts liquid, 1 part eggs, 1 part filling

Pro Tip: Measuring ingredients by weight rather than volume provides more consistent results, especially in baking. A kitchen scale is a worthwhile investment.

Oven Temperature Conversions

Common oven temperature settings with Fahrenheit (°F), Celsius (°C), and gas mark equivalents.

Description Fahrenheit (°F) Celsius (°C) Gas Mark
Very Low 225–250°F 110–120°C ¼
Low 275–300°F 135–150°C 1–2
Moderately Low 325–350°F 165–180°C 3–4
Moderate 375°F 190°C 5
Moderately Hot 400–425°F 200–220°C 6–7
Hot 450–475°F 230–245°C 8–9
Very Hot 500–550°F 260–290°C 10

Temperature Conversion Formulas:

Celsius to Fahrenheit: (°C × 9/5) + 32 = °F

Fahrenheit to Celsius: (°F − 32) × 5/9 = °C

Common Baking Temperatures

Recommended temperatures for common baked goods.

Breads & Pastries

Item Fahrenheit (°F) Celsius (°C)
Yeast Breads 350–400°F 175–200°C
Quick Breads 350–375°F 175–190°C
Sourdough Bread 425–450°F 220–230°C
Puff Pastry 400°F 200°C
Croissants 375°F 190°C
Dinner Rolls 375°F 190°C
Focaccia 425–450°F 220–230°C

Desserts & Cookies

Item Fahrenheit (°F) Celsius (°C)
Cookies 350–375°F 175–190°C
Layer Cakes 350°F 175°C
Pound Cake 325–350°F 165–175°C
Muffins 375–400°F 190–200°C
Cupcakes 350°F 175°C
Cheesecake 325°F 160°C
Brownies 350°F 175°C

Pies & Tarts

Item Fahrenheit (°F) Celsius (°C)
Fruit Pies 425°F→350°F 220°C→175°C
Custard Pies 350°F 175°C
Tart Shells (blind bake) 375°F 190°C
Quiche 375°F 190°C
Filled Tarts 350°F 175°C

Savory Dishes

Item Fahrenheit (°F) Celsius (°C)
Casseroles 350°F 175°C
Roast Chicken 375–425°F 190–220°C
Roasted Vegetables 400–425°F 200–220°C
Pizza 450–500°F 230–260°C
Lasagna 375°F 190°C

Baking Tip: For fruit pies, start at a higher temperature (425°F/220°C) for about 15-20 minutes to set the crust, then reduce to 350°F/175°C to finish baking without burning.

All these templates can be found in adaptable-recipes page at Flavoreer.